Yeo, A.; Chubb, D. (2018). North Korean Human Rights: Activists and Networks. Cambridge University Press. p.262. ISBN 978-1-108-69284-7 . Retrieved 17 February 2023. a b Barry Kogan (1992). Proceedings of the Academy for Jewish Philosophy. University Press of America. pp.169–170. ISBN 978-0-8191-7925-8.

Falsifying The Truth - Outlook India Falsifying The Truth - Outlook India

The opposition to the use of any icon or image to represent ideas of reverence or worship is called aniconism. [13] The destruction of images as icons of veneration is called iconoclasm, [14] and this has long been accompanied with violence between religious groups that forbid idol worship and those who have accepted icons, images and statues for veneration. [15] [16] The definition of idolatry has been a contested topic within Abrahamic religions, with many Muslims and most Protestant Christians condemning the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox practice of venerating the Virgin Mary in many churches as a form of idolatry. [17] [18] Regina Schwartz (2016). Loving Justice, Living Shakespeare. Oxford University Press. pp.32–34. ISBN 978-0-19-251460-8. Reuven Chaim Klein (2018). God versus Gods: Judaism in the Age of Idolatry. Mosaica Press. ISBN 978-1946351463.Holman Illustrated Bible Dictionary, Trent C. Butler, general editor; Smith's Bible Dictionary, by William Smith

False Gods of the Old Testament - Learn Religions Major False Gods of the Old Testament - Learn Religions

In Abrahamic religions, false god is used as a derogatory term to refer to a deity or object of worship besides the Abrahamic god that is regarded as either illegitimate or non-functioning in its professed authority or capability, and this characterization is further used as a definition of "idol". [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]

Devotional idolatry has been a prevalent ancient practice in various Jaina sects, wherein learned Tirthankara ( Jina) and human gurus have been venerated with offerings, songs and Āratī prayers. [149] Like other major Indian religions, Jainism has premised its spiritual practices on the belief that "all knowledge is inevitably mediated by images" and human beings discover, learn and know what is to be known through "names, images and representations". Thus, idolatry has been a part of the major sects of Jainism such as Digambara and Shvetambara. [150] The earliest archaeological evidence of the idols and images in Jainism is from Mathura, and has been dated to be from the first half of the 1st millennium AD. [151] The oldest forms of the ancient religions of India apparently made no use of cult images. While the Vedic literature leading up to Hinduism is extensive, in the form of Samhitas, Brahmanas, Aranyakas and Upanishads, and has been dated to have been composed over a period of centuries (1200 BC to 200 BC), [118] historical Vedic religion appears not to have used cult images up to around 500 BC at least. The early Buddhist and Jain (pre-200 BC) traditions suggest no evidence of idolatry. The Vedic literature mentions many gods and goddesses, as well as the use of Homa (votive ritual using fire), but it does not mention images or their worship. [118] [119] The ancient Buddhist, Hindu and Jaina texts discuss the nature of existence, whether there is or is not a creator deity such as in the Nasadiya Sukta of the Rigveda, they describe meditation, they recommend the pursuit of simple monastic life and self-knowledge, they debate the nature of absolute reality as Brahman or Śūnyatā, yet the ancient Indian texts mention no use of images. Indologists such as the Max Muller, Jan Gonda, Pandurang Vaman Kane, Ramchandra Narayan Dandekar, Horace Hayman Wilson, Stephanie Jamison and other scholars state that "there is no evidence for icons or images representing god(s)" in the ancient religions of India. Use of cult images developed among the Indian religions later, [118] [120] perhaps first in Buddhism, where large images of the Buddha appear by the 1st century AD. a b Leora Batnitzky (2009). Idolatry and Representation: The Philosophy of Franz Rosenzweig Reconsidered. Princeton University Press. pp.147–156. ISBN 978-1-4008-2358-1.

False God Of Today: How To Avoid Them (2023) Top Biblical False God Of Today: How To Avoid Them (2023)

a b Ambrosios Giakalis (2005). Images of the Divine: The Theology of Icons at the Seventh Ecumenical Council. Brill Academic. pp.viii–ix, 1–3. ISBN 978-90-04-14328-9. a b c d e f g h Janowitz, Naomi (2007). "Good Jews Don't: Historical and Philosophical Constructions of Idolatry". History of Religions. 47 (2/3): 239–252. doi: 10.1086/524212. S2CID 170216039. The Quran refers to jinn as entities who had a similar status to that of lesser deities in the pre-Islamic Arabian religion. [32] Although the Quran doesn't equate the jinn to the rank of demons, [33] it reduces them to the same status as human beings. [34] Due to their mortality and dependence on fate ( ḳadar), they would also be subjected to the final judgment by the supreme deity of the Quran ( Allāh). Abū Manṣūr al-Māturīdī, the 10th-century Persian Muslim scholar, Ḥanafī jurist, and Sunnī theologian who founded the eponymous school of Islamic theology, considered the jinn to be weaker than humans, and asserted that whenever humans act upon the jinn, they humiliate themselves. [35] a b G. R. Hawting (1999). The Idea of Idolatry and the Emergence of Islam: From Polemic to History. Cambridge University Press. pp.47–51, 67–70. ISBN 978-1-139-42635-0. W.O. Cole; Piara Singh Sambhi (2016). Sikhism and Christianity: A Comparative Study. Springer. pp.36–37. ISBN 978-1-349-23049-5.a b C Scott Littleton (2005). Gods, Goddesses, and Mythology. Marshall Cavendish. pp.797–798. ISBN 978-0-7614-7565-1. Gruber, Mayer I. (2013). "Israel". In Spaeth, Barbette Stanley (ed.). The Cambridge Companion to Ancient Mediterranean Religions. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp.76–94. doi: 10.1017/CCO9781139047784.007. ISBN 978-0-521-11396-0. LCCN 2012049271. url= https://www.academia.edu/105437290/Juan_Sebasti%C3%A1n_Hern%C3%A1ndez_Valencia_2023_Hombres_ciegos_%C3%ADdolos_huecos_Fetichismo_y_alteridad_en_la_cr%C3%ADtica_de_la_idolatr%C3%ADa_del_Apocal%C3%ADpsis_de_Abrah%C3%A1n_Medell%C3%ADn_Fondo_Editorial_Universidad_Cat%C3%B3lica_Luis_Amig%C3%B3 Ulrich Broich; Theo Stemmler; Gerd Stratmann (1984). Functions of Literature. Niemeyer. pp.120–121. ISBN 978-3-484-40106-8.

shalt have no other gods before me - Wikipedia Thou shalt have no other gods before me - Wikipedia

Bhakti (called Bhatti in Pali) has been a common practice in Theravada Buddhism, where offerings and group prayers are made to Cetiya and particularly images of Buddha. [126] [127] Karel Werner notes that Bhakti has been a significant practice in Theravada Buddhism, and states, "there can be no doubt that deep devotion or bhakti / bhatti does exist in Buddhism and that it had its beginnings in the earliest days". [128] a b c d Angelini, Anna (2021). "Les dieux des autres: entre «démons» et «idoles»". L'imaginaire du démoniaque dans la Septante: Une analyse comparée de la notion de "démon" dans la Septante et dans la Bible Hébraïque. Supplements to the Journal for the Study of Judaism (in French). Vol.197. Leiden and Boston: Brill Publishers. pp.184–224. doi: 10.1163/9789004468474_008. ISBN 978-90-04-46847-4. James Leslie Houlden (2003). Jesus in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. pp.369–370. ISBN 978-1-57607-856-3.Some Hindu movements founded during the colonial era, such as the Arya Samaj and Satya Mahima Dharma reject idolatry. [146] [147] [148] Jainism [ edit ] Gomateshwara Bahubali statue in Jainism. Hans J. Hillerbrand (2012). A New History of Christianity. Abingdon. pp.131–133, 367. ISBN 978-1-4267-1914-1. But Samuel said, “What have you done?” And Saul said, “Because I saw that the people were scattering from me, and that you did not come within the appointed days, and that the Philistines were assembling at Michmash, therefore I said, ‘Now the Philistines will come down against me at Gilgal, and I have not asked the favor of the Lord.’ So I forced myself and offered the burnt offering.” Samuel said to Saul, “You have acted foolishly; you have not kept the commandment of the Lord your God, which He commanded you, for now the Lord would have established your kingdom over Israel forever. read more. Yechezkel Kaufmann (1960). The Religion of Israel: From its Beginnings to the Babylonin Exile. Univ. of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0805203646.