Agarwood (Oud) Oil (Aquilaria Malaccensis) 100% Natural Undiluted Frangrance Therapeutic Grade Essential Oil For Aromatherapy 0.33 fl. oz

£9.9
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Agarwood (Oud) Oil (Aquilaria Malaccensis) 100% Natural Undiluted Frangrance Therapeutic Grade Essential Oil For Aromatherapy 0.33 fl. oz

Agarwood (Oud) Oil (Aquilaria Malaccensis) 100% Natural Undiluted Frangrance Therapeutic Grade Essential Oil For Aromatherapy 0.33 fl. oz

RRP: £99
Price: £9.9
£9.9 FREE Shipping

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Yang, L.; Qiao, L.-R.; Zhang, J.-J.; Dai, J.-G.; Guo, S.-X. Two new sesquiterpene derivatives from Chinese eaglewood. J. Asian Nat. Prod. Res. 2012, 14, 1054–1058. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef] He, J.; Li, Z.-H.; Ai, H.-L.; Feng, T.; Liu, J.-K. Anti-bacterial chromones from cultures of the endophytic fungus Bipolaris eleusines. Nat. Prod. Res. 2018, 33, 3515–3520. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef] Wagh, V.D.; Korinek, M.; Lo, I.W.; Hsu, Y.M.; Chen, S.L.; Hsu, H.Y.; Hwang, T.L.; Wu, Y.C.; Chen, B.H.; Cheng, Y.B.; et al. Inflammation modulatory phorbol esters from the seeds of Aquilaria malaccensis. J. Nat. Prod. 2017, 80, 1421–1427. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef] [ PubMed] Morita, Kiyoko (1999). The Book of Incense: Enjoying the Traditional Art of Japanese Scents. Kodansha USA. ISBN 978-4770023896. Peng, K.; Mei, W.-L.; Zhao, Y.-X.; Tan, L.-H.; Wang, Q.-H.; Dai, H.-F. A novel degraded sesquiterpene from the fresh stem of Aquilaria sinensis . J. Asian Nat. Prod. Res. 2011, 13, 951–955. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef]

Kumari, A.; Singh, R.K. Medicinal chemistry of indole derivatives: Current to future therapeutic prospectives. Bioorg. Chem. 2019, 89, 103021. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef] Aquilaria belongs to the Thymelaeaceae family of angiosperms, which is endemic to the Indomalayan realm. To date, there is a total of 21 Aquilaria species which have been documented and 13 of them are recognized as the agarwood-producing species ( Lee and Mohamed, 2016). The destructive exploitation of agarwood, however, has badly affected the wild population of all Aquilaria species. As a consequence, the genus is now listed as endangered species and protected under Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) regulation due to a drastic declination of the species in the wild (Convention On International Trade In Endangered Species [CITES], 2004; Lee and Mohamed, 2016). High demand of quality agarwood in conjunction with the depletion of the wild Aquilaria trees implied that the price of the agarwood will continue to soar. As an alternative, mass cultivation and large plantation of Aquilaria trees which serve as a sustainable source to obtain agarwood have greatly resolved the shortage of agarwood supply in the global market. Liu, G.-B.; Xu, J.-L.; Geng, M.; Xu, R.; Hui, R.-R.; Zhao, J.-W.; Xu, Q.; Xu, H.-X.; Li, J.-X. Synthesis of a novel series of diphenolic chromone derivatives as inhibitors of NO production in LPS-activated RAW264. 7 macrophages. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2010, 18, 2864–2871. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef] Daliu, P.; Santini, A.; Novellino, E. From pharmaceuticals to nutraceuticals: Bridging disease prevention and management. Expert Rev. Clin. Pharmacol. 2018, 12, 1–7. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef] Liu, J.M.; Gao, Y.H.; Xu, H.H. Chemical constituents of Aquilaria sinensis. Chin. Tradit. Herb. Drugs 2006, 37, 325–327. [ Google Scholar]Hashim, Y.Z.H.-Y.; Kerr, P.; Abbas, P.; Mohd-Salleh, H. Aquilaria spp. (agarwood) as source of health beneficial compounds: A review of traditional use, phytochemistry and pharmacology. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2016, 189, 331–360. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef] [ PubMed]

Compton, J.; Ishihara, A. The Use and Trade of Agarwood in Japan; TRAFFIC International: Cambridge, UK, 2004. [ Google Scholar] Ma, C.T.; Ly, T.L.; Van Le, T.H.; Anh Tran, T.V.; Kwon, S.W.; Park, J.H. Sesquiterpene derivatives from the agarwood of Aquilaria malaccensis and their anti-inflammatory effects on NO production of macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. Phytochemistry 2021, 183, 112630. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef] Pham, T.-A.; Che, H.; Phan, P.-T.; Lee, J.-W.; Kim, S.-S.; Park, H. Oroxylin A analogs exhibited strong inhibitory activities against iNOS-mediated nitric oxide (NO) production. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2012, 22, 2534–2535. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef] Instead of relying on external stimuli to trigger plant responses, either by mechanical wounding or biological inoculum, some induction approaches have been developed to introduce signaling molecules directly and specifically into Aquilaria trees to initiate agarwood resin biosynthesis pathways ( Liu Y. et al., 2013; Wu et al., 2017). Chemical inducers normally comprise of phytohormones, salts, minerals and biological-derived substances ( Zhang et al., 2012; Liu Y. et al., 2013; Van Thanh et al., 2015). Besides, suitable delivery method is often developed together with the chemical formulations to ease the large-scale induction process, such as vessel equipped with transfusion needle ( Yang et al., 2014c). To date, several induction approaches have been developed based on the chemical induction concept such as cultivated agarwood kit (CA-kit), the whole-tree agarwood inducing technique (Agar-Wit) and biologically agarwood-inducing technique (Agar-bit). CA-kit is a combined method based on physical wounding and chemical induction, where the inducing agent is applied into the Aquilaria tree via an aeration device inserted into the wound ( Blanchette and Heuveling, 2009). This method results in satisfying yield and quality, but the procedures are in some way conventional. On the other hands, Agar-Wit is a transpiration-assisted chemical treatment to form an overall wound in the tree, where the preloaded inducer in a transfusion set is distributed via plant transpiration ( Liu Y. et al., 2013). Through this method, a larger agarwood coverage area can be achieved, but unfortunately produces more decayed tissues. Similarly, Agar-bit method adopts the idea of distributing the inducing reagent by plant transpiration, except that the reagents are injected directly into the stems of the tree ( Wu et al., 2017).

Gao, H.-Y.; Wang, H.-Y.; Li, G.-Y.; Du, X.-W.; Zhang, X.-T.; Han, Y.; Huang, J.; Li, X.-X.; Wang, J.-H. Constituents from Zhuyeqing Liquor and their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide production. Phytochem. Lett. 2013, 7, 150–155. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef] Joo, C.; Venkateswararao, E.; Lee, K.-C.; Sharma, V.K.; Kyung, M.-S.; Kim, Y.; Jung, S.-H. Novel interleukin-5 inhibitors based on hydroxyethylaminomethyl-4H-chromen-4-one scaffold. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2012, 20, 5757–5762. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef]

Ruggeri, M.; Coretti, S.; Prete, S.; Romano, F.; Orlando, V.; Codella, P.; Di Brino, E. Economic evaluation of screening programs for hepatitis C virus infection: Evidence from literature. Risk Manag. Health Policy 2015, 8, 45–54. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef] [ PubMed][ Green Version] Yagura, T.; Ito, M.; Kiuchi, F.; Honda, G.; Shimada, Y. Four New 2-(2-Phenylethyl)chromone Derivatives from Withered Wood of Aquilaria sinensis. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 2003, 51, 560–564. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef][ Green Version] Lisdayani, L.; Anna, N.; Siregar, E.B.M. Isolation and identifying of fungi from the stem of agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk.) was had been inoculation. Peronema For. Sci. 2015, 4, 1–5. [ Google Scholar] Xuanzang's travelogues and the Harshacharita, written in seventh century AD in Northern India, mentions use of agarwood products such as 'Xasipat' (writing-material) and 'aloe-oil' in ancient Assam (Kamarupa). The tradition of making writing materials from its bark still exists in Assam. Nobuchi, T.; Siripatanadilok, S. Preliminary observation of Aquilaria crassna wood associated with the formation of aloeswood. Bull. Kyoto Univ. For. 1991, 63, 226–235. [ Google Scholar]a b c d Ng, L.T.; Chang Y.S.; Kadir, A.A. (1997). "A review on agar (gaharu) producing Aquilaria species". Journal of Tropical Forest Products. 2 (2): 272–285.



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