But after running into a few challenges on their own adventures, the pair decided to join their local “grotto”, a more formally organized chapter of the National Speleological Society, which started in the 1960s, long before technology like GPS. Hill previously starred in and co-wrote the 2013 musical comedy film The Harry Hill Movie with Jon Foster and James Lamont. For Calvin, it’s also a creative outlet, with the lighting, shooting and editing element thrown into the mix, as well as the opportunity to recite philosophical and often funny monologues about human nature. And he loves the psychological impact the videos have on the audience, who largely seem to be people who have claustrophobia and are engaging in a kind of exposure therapy.

Macchiarelli R, Bondioli L, Debénath A, Mazurier A, Tournepiche JF, Birch W, Dean MC (December 2006). "How Neanderthal molar teeth grew". Nature. 444 (7120): 748–751. Bibcode: 2006Natur.444..748M. doi: 10.1038/nature05314. PMID 17122777. S2CID 4399439.

In the video called “ The worst claustrophobic caving you will ever see”, for example, Calvin, a 46-year-old military veteran and experienced outdoorsman, and a small team of expert cavers use a drill to chip away at a long passageway before wedging themselves in to access a larger cavern below.

Jacob and Calvin agreed that even if no one watched their YouTube videos, they’d still be exploring the hundreds of local underground lava tubes and tree casts of southern Washington and Oregon, created by past eruptions from nearby volcanoes such as Mount Saint Helens. They both grew up hiking, and sometimes their family chose caves over waterfalls to visit along the way.Tafforeau P, Smith TM (February 2008). "Nondestructive imaging of hominoid dental microstructure using phase contrast X-ray synchrotron microtomography". Journal of Human Evolution. 54 (2): 272–278. doi: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2007.09.018. PMID 18045654. Walking keeps humans healthy by stimulating blood flow and flushing oxygen through the body. But today, modern civilization thrives largely on long-term sitting, to the detriment of physical and mental health. In 2021, the DIY guru created another viral sensation—the unorthodox Caveman Slippers, modelled after human feet. As frightening and grotesque as they are, the Caveman Slippers are perfectly in-line with Moosvi’s sense of humor and previous work. of people in the US have foot pain at some time in their lives. This is because our feet are the most misunderstood sensory organs in our bodies. Yes, organs! For all our technological advances, we still have caveman feet, designed to palpate the ground for twigs and pebbles, slipperiness and traction, textures and vibrations. Haeusler M, Trinkaus E, Fornai C, Müller J, Bonneau N, Boeni T, Frater N (March 2019). "Morphology, pathology, and the vertebral posture of the La Chapelle-aux-Saints Neandertal". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 116 (11): 4923–4927. Bibcode: 2019PNAS..116.4923H. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1820745116. PMC 6421410. PMID 30804177.

Pagano AS, Márquez S, Laitman JT (December 2019). "Reconstructing the Neanderthal Eustachian Tube: New Insights on Disease Susceptibility, Fitness Cost, and Extinction". Anatomical Record. 302 (12): 2109–2125. doi: 10.1002/ar.24248. PMID 31472033. S2CID 201731755. Lalueza-Fox C, Römpler H, Caramelli D, Stäubert C, Catalano G, Hughes D, etal. (November 2007). "A melanocortin 1 receptor allele suggests varying pigmentation among Neanderthals". Science. 318 (5855): 1453–1455. Bibcode: 2007Sci...318.1453L. doi: 10.1126/science.1147417. PMID 17962522. S2CID 10087710.

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This protection came with a price: flat-footedness. Flat feet have become a common phenomenon in modern society, and can lead to knee problems and other complications with age. Based on skeletal remains, researchers believe flat-footedness was far less common during the Paleolithic Period, when barefoot walking allowed protective tissues to build up around arches, Lieberman said. Rincon P (25 October 2007). "Neanderthals 'were flame-haired' ". BBC News . Retrieved 25 October 2007.

You can do the self-massage in the accompanying video while you’re watching a movie. I’ve even done it while reading in bed, which gives the hip joints an extra treat as well. The massage restores movement to your forefoot and toes. And when you restore movement, you restore your ability to sense the ground. Stand up to notice how each foot feels after you work with it. This moment of awareness helps your sensory cortex build a more complex mapping of your feet. When comparing traits to worldwide average present day human traits in Neanderthal specimens, the following traits are distinguished. The magnitude of particular trait changed over the 300,000-year timeline of Neanderthal evolution. The large number of classic Neanderthal traits is significant because some examples of paleolithic and even modern Homo sapiens may sometimes show one or even a few of these traits, but not most or all of them at the same time. Guatelli-Steinberg D, Larsen CS, Hutchinson DL (2004). "Prevalence and the duration of linear enamel hypoplasia: a comparative study of Neandertals and Inuit foragers". Journal of Human Evolution. 47 (1–2): 65–84. doi: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2004.05.004. PMID 15288524.If you’re thinking that feet are my favorite subject, you could be right. I definitely think that adaptable, responsive feet are a vital component in healthy posture. By adaptable, I mean feet that are able to move--not just to take steps, but also to spread and clasp, to wriggle and writhe and bounce. They can sense the ground and respond to it. On the ulna, the trochlear notch is facing more anteriorly, the brachialis insertion is lower, the mid-shaft is larger, and the shaft is more sinusoidal. [21]