Mercer, A.C. (1891), "No 89:Royal Artillery", in Siborne, Herbert Taylor (ed.), Waterloo letters: a selection from original and hitherto unpublished letters bearing on the operations of the 16th, 17th, and 18th June, 1815, by officers who served in the campaign, London: Cassell & Company, p. 218 Howarth, David (1997) [1968], Waterloo a Near Run Thing, London: Phoenix/Windrush Press, ISBN 978-1-84212-719-3

Waterloo was the decisive engagement of the Waterloo campaign and Napoleon's last. It was also the second bloodiest single day battle of the Napoleonic Wars, after Borodino. According to Wellington, the battle was "the nearest-run thing you ever saw in your life". [12] Napoleon abdicated four days later, and coalition forces entered Paris on 7 July. The defeat at Waterloo marked the end of Napoleon's Hundred Days return from exile. It precipitated Napoleon's second and definitive abdication as Emperor of the French, and ended the First French Empire. It set a historical milestone between serial European wars and decades of relative peace, often referred to as the Pax Britannica. In popular culture, the phrase "meeting one's Waterloo" has become an expression for someone suffering a final defeat, as in the ABBA song " Waterloo". The campaign of 1815: a study – A fundamental choice: a defensive or offensive war" (PDF). Waterloo Campaign NL. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022 . Retrieved 8 April 2020. I didn’t want to omit the numerous clashes that occurred following the Battle of Waterloo, where the Prussians pressed the defeated French army as it retreated toward Paris such as The Action at La Falize (Scenario 16), so a number of the latter scenarios are devoted to this. Ladder CampaignThe Royal Horse Guards (2 squadrons) were in reserve for the Household Brigade (9 or 10 squadrons strong) but the Union Brigade (9 squadrons) had no reserve ( Letter 5, Siborne 1891, pp.7–10; Letter 16 Glover 2004). The total may have been 18squadrons as there is an uncertainty in the sources as to whether the King's Dragoon Guards fielded three or four squadrons. Uxbridge implies 4 squadrons ( Letter 5 Siborne 1891, pp.7–10), however, Capt. Naylor of the King's implies 3 when he states he commanded the centre squadron of the regiment ( Letter 21, Siborne 1891, pp.46–47). Staff (2009), Book review of the "Waterloo Medal Roll Call", The [British] National Archive, archived from the original on 4 December 2009 Van Zuylen report; he refers to himself as "the chief-of-staff" ( Bas & Wommersom 1909, pp.338–339(vol. 3)). Van den Bosch, Glenn (May 2008). "The importance of maps at the Battle of Waterloo". BIMCC Newsletter (31): 15–17. Archived from the original on 6 August 2022 . Retrieved 6 August 2022. Barbero points out that in April the minister informed Wellington that cavalry regiments could allow themselves no more than 360 horses. The text of this memorandum from Torrens to Wellington Barbero refers to is available in Hamilton-Williams, p.75.

Rethinking Waterloo from Multiple Perspectives" (PDF). European Association of History Education. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Keirstead, Christopher and Marysa Demoor, eds. "Special Issue: Waterloo and Its Afterlife in the Nineteenth-Century Periodical and Newspaper Press". Victorian Periodicals Review 48#4 (2015).

Longford, Elizabeth (1971), Wellington: the Years of the Sword, London: Panther, ISBN 978-0-586-03548-1 Union Brigade, initial strength 1,332, killed–264, wounded–310, missing–38, totals–612, horses lost–631 ( Smith 1998, p.544). It’s no small task clipping the models from their frames and plugging them into their bases, but there are 16 frames worth of figures from the two sets to prep, so that’s no surprise. The Warlord guys had the welcome task of doing that for us – all Andy and Steve had to do was decant their forces onto the tabletop. As well as the resplendent red and blue infantry, cavalry, commanders, and artillery, we had also been provided with scenery in the form of N-Gauge trees and the Sarissa Precision made (and expertly painted) MDF buildings that accompany the Waterloo Campaign range. There followed almost four decades of international peace in Europe. No further major international conflict occurred until the Crimean War of 1853–1856. Changes to the configuration of European states, as refashioned in the aftermath of Waterloo, included the formation of the Holy Alliance of reactionary governments intent on repressing revolutionary and democratic ideas, and the reshaping of the former Holy Roman Empire into a German Confederation increasingly marked by the political dominance of Prussia.

The Household Brigade crossed the crest of the Anglo-allied position and charged downhill. The cuirassiers guarding d'Erlon's left flank were still dispersed, and so were swept over the deeply sunken main road and then routed. [111] [r] White, John (14 December 2011), Burnham, Robert (ed.), Cambronne's Words, Letters to The Times (June1932), the Napoleon Series, archived from the original on 25 August 2007 , retrieved 14 September 2007 Hofschröer, Peter (2005), Waterloo 1815: Quatre Bras and Ligny, London: Leo Cooper, ISBN 978-1-84415-168-4Waterloo – A damned near-run thing. The nearest run thing you ever saw in your life". AETN UK. Archived from the original on 24 September 2020 . Retrieved 8 April 2020. The two armies swiftly close overseen by Bossman John. Turn Two – Let Overzealousness Be Thy Downfall… The Waterloo position chosen by Wellington was a strong one. It consisted of a long ridge running east–west, perpendicular to, and bisected by, the main road to Brussels. Along the crest of the ridge ran the Ohain road, a deep sunken lane. Near the crossroads with the Brussels road was a large elm tree that was roughly in the centre of Wellington's position and served as his command post for much of the day. Wellington deployed his infantry in a line just behind the crest of the ridge following the Ohain road. [59] Marshal M. Ney. [191] Grenadier of the Old Guard in Le Grenadier by Édouard Detaille General David Hendrik Chassé

Shapiro, Fred R., ed. (2006), The Yale Book of Quotations (illustrateded.), Yale University Press, p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=w5-GR-qtgXsC&pg=PA128 128], ISBN 978-0-300-10798-2 The alleged remark by Wellington about the alteration of the battlefield as described by Hugo was never documented, however. [246] Boulger, Demetrius C. deK. (1901), Belgians at Waterloo: With Translations of the Reports of the Dutch and Belgian Commanders, London {{ citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link) Booth, John (1815), The Battle of Waterloo: Containing the Accounts Published by Authority, British and Foreign, and Other Relevant Documents, with Circumstantial Details, Previous and After the Battle, from a Variety of Authentic and Original Sources (2nded.), London: printed for J. Booth and T. Ergeton; Military Library, WhitehallDutch Line infantry can be made from the French infantry sprue. Note that these units would only carry one standard, so the eagle needs to be removed. Dutch/Belgian Cavalry Unfortunately, the Prussian army was hastily assembled and pressed into the field ill-equipped. Over a third of the force was Landwehr (militia), some of which marched barefoot to war. At the Battle of Ligny, the Prussian army faced Napoleon directly and was roundly beaten, Blücher himself being trapped and injured under his dead horse for hours. The Battle of Waterloo provided a chance at redemption. a b Mark Simner (2015). An Illustrated Introduction to the Battle of Waterloo – Quatre Bras and Ligny. Amberley Publishing Limited. ISBN 978-1-4456-4667-1.