Taken together, studies exploring the protective effects of menthol against inflammatory damage, or association with protection against chronic inflammation, are indicative of potential therapeutic applications of the compound. However, it is vital to note the limitations of the studies completed to date. One main limitation is that most of the studies are either in vitro or based on animal models of human disease, which may limit our direct application to human pathology. While menthol has been extensively used therapeutically in humans, demonstration of a clear anti-inflammatory effect should be sought and evaluated using biochemical markers or inflammation in a pathological context. Furthermore, while the evidence for the anti-inflammatory effects of menthol is compelling, additional insights may be needed to clarify the mechanisms of action and the clinical relevance of any anti-inflammatory effects. This is especially noteworthy considering the evidence for the pro-inflammatory impact of inhaled menthol when combined with cigarette smoking ( 42). Inflammatory cascades are complex and closely related to immunological function and antioxidant activity in multiple tissues; further delineation of these mechanisms and pathways is needed to truly appreciate the potential for menthol, which appears to be a molecule with multiple cellular targets, as a therapeutic anti-inflammatory compound. Author contributions Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Hungary TABLE OF CONTENTS Biswas, L.; Harrison, E.; Gong, Y.; Avusula, R.; Lee, J.; Zhang, M.; Rousselle, T.; Lage, J.; Liu, X. (2016). "Enhancing effect of menthol on nicotine self-administration in rats". Psychopharmacology. 233 (18): 3417–3427. doi: 10.1007/s00213-016-4391-x. PMC 4990499. PMID 27473365. Oppenheim, A. (1862). "On the camphor of peppermint". J. Chem. Soc. 15: 24. doi: 10.1039/JS8621500024.

Tempo Breathe Easy Tissues with Cooling Menthol (Pack of 6

DH has a rotten cold atm and the mansize box of tissues are perched on the arm of our sofa, in pretty much constant use! He says he prefers them to supermarket own brand as they don't fall apart after they've been used. Menthol has demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects within the gastric mucosa in an experimental model of ethanol-induced gastric ulcers ( 37). Ethanol-induced gastric ulcers are characterized by marked inflammatory responses following the generation of reactive oxygen species and a vigorous immune reaction ( 48). The study found that menthol administration led to an increase in anti-inflammatory interleukin (IL)-10 expression, while there was a reduction in pro-inflammatory markers, including IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). The changes in these inflammatory markers were all statistically significant compared with baseline levels (P<0.001). This study investigated the antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory effects of menthol, providing the potential to differentiate these effects within a model whereby all three factors contribute to ulceration and associated symptoms ( 37). Importantly, menthol administration led to a reduction in markers of antioxidant activity and a reduction in the neutrophilic immune response in the gastric mucosa, which collectively suggests a gastroprotective effect.

The Full Story

The fragranced boxed tissues are in the kitchen on the kitchen table. I do not like fragranced tissues, so they do not go as fast as the others.

Boots Easy Breathing Vapour Plug-in - Boots Boots Easy Breathing Vapour Plug-in - Boots

menthol is potentially ergogenic (performance enhancing) for athletic performance in hot environments [22] As a simple monoterpene with remarkable biological properties, menthol possesses well-known cooling properties and a residual minty scent from the oil remnants. It is also known to exhibit biological activity in vitro and in vivo, including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, analgesic, antipruritic, anticancer, and antifungal effects. Results: The decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines and related inflammatory markers, as well as associated pathway activation, was found to play the greatest role in the protective effects of menthol against inflammatory damage or association with protection against chronic inflammation. I liked the menthol ones best as you can smell the menthol despite having a stuffy nose. It is much gentler on the skin than Olbas Oil.

Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China