Parnell, Tracy L.; Suslow, Trevor V.; Harris, Linda J. (March 2004). "Tomatoes:Safe Methods to Store, Preserve, and Enjoy" (PDF). ANR Catalog. University of California: Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 February 2013 . Retrieved 18 February 2013. In 2021, world production of tomatoes was 189 million tonnes, with China accounting for 35% of the total, followed by India, the European Union, Turkey, and the United States as major producers (see table).

Ploeg, Antoon (2000). "Effects of amending soil with Tagetes patula cv. Single Gold on Meloidogyne incognita infestation of tomato". Nematology. 2 (5): 489–93. doi: 10.1163/156854100509394. The confusion on whether tomatoes are fruits or vegetables has led to legal dispute in the United States. In 1887, U.S. tariff laws that imposed a duty on vegetables, but not on fruit, caused the tomato's status to become a matter of legal importance. In Nix v. Hedden, the U.S. Supreme Court settled the tariff controversy on 10 May 1893, by declaring that the tomato is a vegetable, based on the popular definition that classifies vegetables by use—they are generally served with dinner and not dessert. [64] The holding of this case applies only to the interpretation of the Tariff of 1883, and the court did not purport to reclassify the tomato for botanical or other purposes.

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Place the sliced radishes in a large bowl. I like both the skin and the seeds of the cucumber, but if you prefer, you can peel the skin, then halve the cucumber lengthways and scoop out and discard the seeds. Slice each cucumber half thinly into half moons and add these along with the red onions to the bowl. Give everything a good mix. a b Fleming, Amy (9 April 2013). "Umami: why the fifth taste is so important". The Guardian, London, UK . Retrieved 18 February 2017. Looking for east tomato recipes? It must be that time of year again! Summer is in full swing and the tomatoes are ripening on the vines. If you’ve managed to avoid pests and diseases like blossom end rot, you’ll be wondering what on Earth you’re going to do with all those tomatoes. Or maybe it’s the end of the tomato season, the first frost is fast-approaching, and you just don’t know what to do with all those green tomatoes that you know won’t have time to ripen.

Alexander W. Livingston receives much credit for developing numerous varieties of tomato for both home and commercial gardeners. [26] Sato, S.; Tabata, S.; Hirakawa, H.; etal. (2012). "The tomato genome sequence provides insights into fleshy fruit evolution". Nature. 485 (7400): 635–641. Bibcode: 2012Natur.485..635T. doi: 10.1038/nature11119. PMC 3378239. PMID 22660326.Bacterial wilt is another common disease impacting yield. [69] Wang et al., 2019 found phage combination therapies to reduce the impact of bacterial wilt, sometimes by reducing bacterial abundance and sometimes by selecting for resistant but slow growing genetics. [69] Pests See also: Vegetable §Terminology Tomatoes are considered a fruit or vegetable depending on context. According to Encyclopedia Britannica, tomatoes are a fruit labeled in grocery stores as a vegetable due to their taste and culinary purposes. [3] Syria under the last five Turkish Sultans". Appletons' Journal. Vol.1. D. Appleton and Co. 1876. p.519.