English Cathedrals: Drawings by Dennis Creffield

Product Information

Steven Watson and Catherine Morris, ed. An Eye on the Modern Century: Selected Letters of Henry McBride. New Haven, 2000, pp. 12–13, fig. 4, date it about 1942–44. The main focus in Penrose's early years as a surveyor was to improve the Cathedral interior – both how it looked and how it functioned. He removed the Quire screen which once separated the Chancel from the Nave, and redesigned the Quire by installing choir stalls, seats and desks.

As numbers of clergy increased, the small apse which contained the altar, or table upon which the sacramental bread and wine were offered in the rite of Holy Communion, was not sufficient to accommodate them. A raised dais called a bema formed part of many large basilican churches. In the case of St Peter's Basilica and St Paul's Outside the Walls in Rome, this bema extended laterally beyond the main meeting hall, forming two arms so that the building took on the shape of a T with a projecting apse. From this beginning, the plan of the church developed into the so-called Latin Cross which is the shape of most Western Cathedrals and large churches. The arms of the cross are called the transept. [9] Latin Cross and Greek Cross [ edit ] Plan of the Renaissance St Peter's Basilica, showing elements of both central and longitudinal plan. A cathedral has a specific ecclesiastical role and administrative purpose as the seat of a bishop. The cathedral ( Latin: ecclesia cathedralis, lit.'church of the cathedra') takes its name from the cathedra, 'seat' of the bishop, known as the episcopal throne. The word cathedral is sometimes mistakenly applied as a generic term for any very large and imposing church. A number of Rome's churches have retained Early Christian mosaics. Those at Santa Costanza are similar to mosaics and painted decoration found in public and domestic interiors, being largely geometric or floral, but close examination reveals much Christian symbolism in the choice of motives. One of the most extensive decorative schemes from the period to have remained at least partially intact is that at Santa Maria Maggiore, where the proscenium of the apse is decorated with stories of the Infancy of Jesus drawn from the Gospel of Matthew. Linda Nochlin in Florine Stettheimer: Manhattan Fantastica. Exh. cat., Whitney Museum of American Art. New York, 1995, pp. 107–8, 112–14, 116 n. 38.Roberta Smith. "Shifting Art Scene Gets Fresh Venues." New York Times (September 11, 1987), p. C23, ill. p. C1 (installation photo). a b c d e f g h i j k Fletcher, Banister (1905). A history of architecture on the comparative method (1sted.). London: Batsford. The Peace Doves installation at Liverpool Cathedral features about 18,000 paper doves suspended on 15.5 miles of ribbon. Photograph: Gareth Jones Wells: Cathedral. Exterior west front". Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema Collection Online. doi: 10.1163/37701_atco_pf_8969 . Retrieved 2022-04-23. Lincoln Cathedral, England, has the cliff-like, buttressed east end usual in English Gothic churches

The main body of the building, making the longer arm of the cross, where worshippers congregate, is called the nave. The term is from the Latin word for ship. A cathedral is symbolically a ship bearing the people of God through the storms of life. In addition, the high wooden roof of a large church is similarly constructed to the hull of a ship. [16] [ bettersourceneeded]

Media in category "Drawings of churches"

The greatest cathedral building of the age was the rebuilding of St Peter's Basilica in Rome, the combined work of the architects Bramante, Raphael, Sangallo, Maderno and surmounted by Michelangelo's glorious dome, taller but just one foot narrower than the one that Brunelleschi had built a hundred years earlier in Florence. The dome is both an external and an internal focus. The chancel and transept arms are identical in shape, thus recalling the Greek Cross plan of Byzantine churches. The nave was, in fact, an addition.