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Beta-2 agonists (salbutamol syrup) were significantly better than erythromycin ethylsuccinate syrup for cough after 7 days (41.2% versus 88.2%; number needed to treat [NNT] 3 [range 2 to 6]; low quality evidence), productive cough after 7 days (35.7% versus 76.5%; NNT 2 [range 2 to 12]; low quality evidence) but not night cough after 7 days (very low quality evidence) in adults with acute cough or acute bronchitis. See the summaries of product characteristics for information on contraindications, cautions and adverse effects of individual medicines. Paul IM, Yoder KE, Crowell KR, et al. Effect of dextromethorphan, diphenhydramine, and placebo on nocturnal cough and sleep quality for coughing children and their parents. Pediatrics. 2004;114(1):e85-e90. The main characteristics of the eligible trials are shown in Table 1. All trials in AB had a randomized treatment phase of 7 days and used the BSS as the primary outcome measure for efficacy at day 7. Quality of life at day 7 was assessed by the EQ-5D-3L (adults) and the FGK (children and adolescents), respectively. One of the adult trials, study F, was a dose-finding trial. Among the pediatric trials, studies A and C included children and adolescents between 1 and 18 years of age, with dosage selection according to age. Study B was a dose-finding trial that included participants aged 6-18 years. For inclusion, pediatric and adult participants had to be suffering from symptoms of AB for a period not exceeding 48 hours and had to present with a BSS total score ≥5 points at screening. In the trials in CC, eligible patients had to be suffering from the primary symptoms nasal drainage and sore throat and from at least 1 (studies G and H) or 2 (studies I through K) of the secondary symptoms nasal congestion, sneezing, scratchy throat, hoarseness, cough, headache, muscle aches, and fever, or from 1 of the primary symptoms and at least 3 secondary symptoms. The time allowed between the onset of the first symptoms and study inclusion was 24-48 hours for studies G and H and up to 72 hours for studies I through K. All trials in CC had a randomized treatment phase of 10 days and applied the CIS at day 5 as the primary outcome measure for efficacy. Quality of life at day 5 was assessed by the EQ-5D-3L.
A. Geranium tea is also known as pelargonium sidoides tea. You can prepare it using dried or fresh leaves of the herb pelargonium sidoides. However, honey did not reduce the frequency and severity of cough at 1 day follow-up compared with an antitussive (dextromethorphan; very low quality evidence).
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Results from four trials show that Pelargonium sidoides extracts are significantly more effective than placebo in treating acute bronchitis. Two additional trials show that Pelargonium sidoides extracts are effective and safe for treating acute bronchitis in 406 adults who took 30mg extracts three times a day for a week, and that Pelargonium was safe and effective in treating 200 children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years. Pelargonium and laryngitis There were no significant differences between antibiotics and placebo or no treatment for adverse effects (vomiting, rash or diarrhoea) in children with moist cough for longer than 10 days duration. Honey significantly reduced bothersome cough by about 2 points on a 7‑point Likert scale compared with placebo (moderate quality evidence), but not compared with no treatment or dextromethorphan (low quality evidence).
People with a history of immediate hypersensitivity to penicillins may also react to cephalosporins and other beta-lactam antibiotics ( BNF, December 2018). A. In the case of geranium essential oil, you can dilute it with a carrier oil like sesame oil and apply it to the skin. It works well for spot treatments, itchy skins, acne. In addition, you can use it as a massage oil. However, some carrier oils cause an allergic reaction. Therefore, you should ensure that the carrier oil you’re using suits your skin. Q. Do Pelargonium sidoides help in treating common colds? People use pelargonium sidoides roots as the main ingredient in a local remedy used to cure a stomach ailment in infants called Instila. 5. Helps Treat Various Diseases Tests on reproductive toxicity, genotoxicity and carcinogenicity have not been performed. 6. Pharmaceutical particulars 6.1 List of excipientsThe committee agreed that there was some evidence that suggests honey reduced cough symptoms in children and young people with an acute cough caused by an upper respiratory tract infection. The clinical significance of the benefit of honey on cough symptoms is unclear, particularly because follow-up was for 1 day only. Literature searches identified a total of 52 records, one of which was a duplicate. Among the 51 remaining publications and registry entries, 42 were excluded during screening for reasons indicated in Figure 1.
About 10% of the general population claim to have a penicillin allergy; this has often been because of a skin rash that occurred during a course of penicillin in childhood. Fewer than 10% of people who think they are allergic to penicillin are truly allergic. See the NICE guideline on drug allergy: diagnosis and management for more information. Matthys H, Eisebitt R, Seith B, Heger M. Efficacy and safety of an extract of Pelargonium sidoides (EPs 7630) in adults with acute bronchitis. A randomised, doubleblind, placebo-controlled trial. Phytomedicine. 2003;10(suppl 4):7-17. Beta-2 agonists (salbutamol tablets, salbutamol inhaler or fenoterol inhaler [not available in the UK]) did not significantly reduce the presence of cough at 7 days, productive cough after 7 days, night cough after 7 days, not working by day 7 or mean cough score at days 1 to 7, compared with placebo in adults with acute cough or acute bronchitis (very low to moderate quality evidence). Corticosteroids have well-recognised systemic (mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid) effects, including a range of psychological or behavioural effects (particularly in children) and the committee agreed that, weighing up the potential risks and benefits, oral or inhaled corticosteroids should not be offered for people (adults or children) with an acute cough (including acute bronchitis).The remaining 9 publications presented results from 11 randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter phase III clinical trials. The individual participant data available for analysis was made available by the manufacturer of EPs 7630. Six of the trials were performed in AB, with 3 of them assessing children and adolescents [ 43-45] while the remaining 3 trials investigated adults [ 46-48]. The 5 trials identified in the indication CC included only adult patients. Among these trials, 1 investigated 2 different doses of EPs 7630 and the results were published separately [ 49, 50]. The remaining 4 trials were published in an original paper [ 51] or were included in a systematic review of the efficacy and tolerability of EPs 7630 in CC [ 35]. Gastro-intestinal complaints such as stomach pain, heartburn, nausea or diarrhoea may occur uncommonly (≥ 1/1,000 to < 1/100) during treatment with Kaloba. Dextromethorphan was no more effective than placebo (in 4 RCTs) or diphenhydramine (in 1 RCT) in reducing various cough outcomes in children with an acute cough, a night cough or an upper respiratory tract infection (very low quality evidence). In 2 RCTs, there were no differences between the groups in adverse effects, which were generally mild. In another RCT, adverse events (mainly gastrointestinal and dizziness) were reported in 34% of the dextromethorphan group and 5% of the placebo group (p value not reported). There were no significant differences between mucolytics and placebo for the outcomes of productive cough and expectoration at end of treatment (at 7 days), pulmonary function at day 3, febrile state at 6 days, dyspnoea at 6 to 7 days, bad general condition after 6 to 7 days, and appetite trouble (not defined) at the end of treatment (5 to 9 days) in children with acute upper and lower respiratory tract infection (very low quality evidence). There was also no significant difference for the outcome of abnormal chest signs (for example wheezing or rattling) after 5 days, but there was a significant difference for this outcome at the end of treatment (28 days; 2% versus 16%; very low quality evidence). Taking all the evidence, and their experience, into account the committee agreed that some people over 12 years may wish to try cough medicines containing cough suppressants (apart from codeine) for the treatment of acute cough.
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